How To Build Mesa for AMD

GinShio 收录于类别 GPU Mesa

08-28 09-01 约 1295 字预计阅读 7 分钟

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本文最后更新于 09-01，文中内容可能已过时。

What

Mesa is an open source implementation of OpenGL, Vulkan, and other graphics API specifications. Mesa translates these specifications to vendor-specific graphics hardware drivers.

Vendor Drivers

Mesa is UMD (User mode driver), provides implementation of graphics API and shader compiler. Mesa is like a mono repository, different vendor drivers and graphics APIs are in different directories.

Gallium is a driver project in mesa, includes many backends for hardwares:

AMD driver for GCN & Navi (radeonsi)
Intel driver for iris (i965)
Intel driver (i915)
Nvidia driver (nouveau)
Software implementation (swrast)
OpenGL over Vulkan (zink)
DirectX3D 12 driver (d3d12)
OpenCL frontend (clover)
new OpenCL frontend by rust (rusticl, 23.1)

libgl only provides APIs, and dispatch call to vendor implementation (e.g. radeonsi).

Vulkan’s driver includes:

AMD driver (RADV)
Intel driver (ANV)
Nvidia driver (NVK, 23.3)
Windows driver (dzn)

Internal Representation

NIR (NIR Internal Representation) is shader language intermediate representation in Mesa. Input is spir-v or glslang, output is vendor ISA code. NIR is used in all drivers on OpenGL 4.6.

TGSI (the Tungsten Graphics Shader Infrastructure) is used all gallium drivers, now NIR is main development ir. GLSL-to-TGSI is removed from Mesa, NIR-To-TGSI will be deprecated for native NIR drivers only.

in AMD drivers, shader compilation flows following picture (outdated, now radeonsi supports spirv to nir):

Repository

a brief summary of part of Mesa’s directory tree.

docs - Documentation
include - Public OpenGL header files
src
- amd - AMD-specific sources
  - addrlib - common sources for creating images
  - ci - devops for RADV, RadeonSI and ACO
  - common - common code between RADV, RadeonSI and ACO
  - compiler - ACO shader compiler
  - llvm - common code between RADV and RadeonSI for compiling shaders using LLVM
  - registers - register definitions
  - vulkan - RADV Vulkan implementation for AMD Southern Island and newer
- compiler - Common utility sources for different compilers
  - clc - the OpenCL C language compiler
  - glsl - the GLSL IR and compiler
  - nir - the NIR IR and compiler
  - spirv - the SPIR-V compiler
- gallium - Gallium3D source code
  - auxiliary - Gallium support code
  - drivers - Gallium3D device drivers
  - frontends - These implement various libraries using the device drivers
- gbm - Generic Buffer Manager is a memory allocator for device buffers
- microsoft - Microsoft Graphics Stack
  - clc - compile clc to dxil / nir
  - compiler - the dxil and nir compiler
  - spirv_to_dxil - cross spir-v to dxil
  - vulkan - Microsoft vulkan driver on Windows for WSL
- vulkan - Common code for Vulkan drivers

Build

if you want to build 32-bit mesa, please install 32-bit development packages. e.g. zlib-devel-32bit

some packages haven’t 32-bit package on openSUSE, you need to copy 64-bit pkg-config file (.pc in /usr/lib64/pkgconfig) to /usr/lib/pkgconfig, and modify prefix variable.

Dependencies

base tools

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zypper install python3 python3-Mako meson ninja gcc gcc-c++ binutils-gold clang lld ccache bison flex

minimize dependencies

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zypper install zlib-devel libzstd-devel llvm-devel libexpat-devel libdrm-devel libudev-devel libelf-devel glslang-devel spirv-tools
zypper install -t pattern devel_vulkan

window manager dependencies

X11

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zypper install libX11-devel libXext-devel libxcb-devel libXfixes-devel libXxf86vm-devel libXrandr-devel libxshmfence-devel

wayland

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zypper install wayland-devel wayland-protocols-devel

video codecs dependencies

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zypper install libvdpau-devel libva-devel

opencl dependencies

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zypper install libclc libLLVMSPIRVLib-devel clang-devel
zypper install rust rust-bindgen # if enable new opencl frontend -- rusticl

configuration and compilation

common build

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meson setup /path/to/mesa _build --libdir=lib64 --prefix $HOME/.local/lib/mesa \
    -Dbuildtype=debug -Dosmesa=false -Dgallium-drivers=radeonsi -Dvulkan-drivers=amd

build with video codecs

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meson setup /path/to/mesa _build --libdir=lib64 --prefix $HOME/.local/lib/mesa \
    -Dbuildtype=debug -Dosmesa=false -Dgallium-drivers=radeonsi -Dvulkan-drivers=amd \
    -Dvideo-codecs=vc1dec,h264dec,h264enc,h265dec,h265enc

build only for wayland

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meson setup /path/to/mesa _build --libdir=lib64 --prefix $HOME/.local/lib/mesa \
    -Dbuildtype=debug -Dosmesa=false -Dgallium-drivers=radeonsi -Dvulkan-drivers=amd \
    -Dplatforms=wayland -Dglx=disabled

build with opencl frontend (clover)

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meson setup /path/to/mesa _build --libdir=lib64 --prefix $HOME/.local/lib/mesa \
    -Dbuildtype=debug -Dosmesa=false -Dgallium-drivers=radeonsi \
    -Dgallium-opencl=icd

build with opencl frontend (rusticl)

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meson setup /path/to/mesa _build --libdir=lib64 --prefix $HOME/.local/lib/mesa \
    -Dbuildtype=debug -Dosmesa=false -Dgallium-drivers=radeonsi \
    -Dgallium-opencl=disabled -Dgallium-rusticl=true

specifying compiler toolchain & 32-bit build

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CC='ccache clang -m32' CXX='ccache clang++ -m32' LDFLAGS='-fuse-ld=lld -m32' \
meson setup /path/to/mesa _build --libdir=lib --prefix $HOME/.local/lib/mesa \
    -Dbuildtype=debug -Dosmesa=false -Dgallium-drivers=radeonsi -Dvulkan-drivers=amd

compile mesa if configure successfully

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meson compile -C_build

after compilation, install mesa. that is, copy shared libraries, icd files, header files, and so on into prefix directory.

installed directory tree looks like:

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prefix-dir
├── lib64
│   ├── dri
│   │   ├── kms_swrast_dri.so
│   │   ├── radeonsi_dri.so
│   │   ├── radeonsi_drv_video.so
│   │   ├── swrast_dri.so
│   │   └── zink_dri.so
│   ├── libEGL.so -> libEGL.so.1
│   ├── libEGL.so.1 -> libEGL.so.1.0.0
│   ├── libEGL.so.1.0.0
│   ├── libgbm.so -> libgbm.so.1
│   ├── libgbm.so.1 -> libgbm.so.1.0.0
│   ├── libgbm.so.1.0.0
│   ├── libglapi.so -> libglapi.so.0
│   ├── libglapi.so.0 -> libglapi.so.0.0.0
│   ├── libglapi.so.0.0.0
│   ├── libGLESv1_CM.so -> libGLESv1_CM.so.1
│   ├── libGLESv1_CM.so.1 -> libGLESv1_CM.so.1.1.0
│   ├── libGLESv1_CM.so.1.1.0
│   ├── libGLESv2.so -> libGLESv2.so.2
│   ├── libGLESv2.so.2 -> libGLESv2.so.2.0.0
│   ├── libGLESv2.so.2.0.0
│   ├── libGL.so -> libGL.so.1
│   ├── libGL.so.1 -> libGL.so.1.2.0
│   ├── libGL.so.1.2.0
│   ├── libvulkan_radeon.so
│   └── pkgconfig
│       ├── dri.pc
│       ├── egl.pc
│       ├── gbm.pc
│       ├── glesv1_cm.pc
│       ├── glesv2.pc
│       └── gl.pc
└── share
    └── vulkan
        └── icd.d
            └── radeon_icd.x86_64.json

Usage

OpenGL command

for 64-bit driver, running glxgears (for gl) and vkcube (for vulkan) to test that mesa is installed successfully.

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# test for 64-bit OpenGL driver
MESA=$HOME/.local/lib/mesa LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$MESA/lib64:$MESA/lib \
    LIBGL_DRIVERS_PATH=$MESA/lib64/dri:$MESA/lib/dri MESA_LOADER_DRIVER_OVERRIDE=radeonsi \
    /usr/bin/glxgears

environment variable LIBGL_DRIVERS_PATH means where to find *_dri.so library, environment variable MESA_LOADER_DRIVER_OVERRIDE means that the driver you want to use is what. If setup the multiple gallium drivers, we can determinate which driver is used by MESA_LOADER_DRIVER_OVERRIDE.

likes 64-bit command, test 32-bit driver following command:

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# test for 32-bit OpenGL driver
MESA=$HOME/.local/lib/mesa LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$MESA/lib64:$MESA/lib \
    LIBGL_DRIVERS_PATH=$MESA/lib64/dri:$MESA/lib/dri MESA_LOADER_DRIVER_OVERRIDE=radeonsi \
    /usr/lib/mesa-demos/xdemos/glxgears

Vulkan command

test vulkan driver

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MESA=$HOME/.local/lib/mesa ICDDIR=$MESA/share/vulkan/icd.d \
    VK_ICD_FILENAMES=$ICDDIR/radeon_icd.x86_64.json:$ICDDIR/radeon_icd.x86.json \
    /usr/bin/vkcube

ACO (_A_MD _Co_mpiler) is a new shader compiler in RADV, developed by Valve. Since mesa version 20.2, the ACO compiler is enabled by default.

for debugging, maybe we want to change the behavior of driver and shader compiler, environment variables RADV_DEBUG and ACO_DEBUG can help us.

do various things for RADV:

llvm: enable LLVM compiler backend
img: Print image info
info: show GPU-related information
metashaders: dump internal meta shaders
nocache: disable shaders cache
nomemorycache: disable memory shaders cache
nongg: disable NGG for GFX10 (navi1 & navi2)
nonggc: disable NGG culling on GPUs where it’s enabled by default (GFX10.3+ only).
nort: skip executing vkCmdTraceRays and ray queries (RT extensions will still be advertised)
shaders: dump shaders
shaderstats: dump shader statistics
spirv: dump SPIR-V

do various things for ACO:

perfwarn: abort on some suboptimal code generation
force-waitcnt: force emitting waitcnt states if there is something to wait for
force-waitdeps: force emitting waitcnt dependencies for debugging hazards on GFX10+
novn: disable value numbering
noopt: disable various optimizations
nosched: disable instructions scheduling
perfinfo: print information used to calculate some pipeline statistics

learn more in Mesa documation.

for example, debugging will disable cache and dump shaders.

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MESA=$HOME/.local/lib/mesa ICDDIR=$MESA/share/vulkan/icd.d \
    VK_ICD_FILENAMES=$ICDDIR/radeon_icd.x86_64.json:$ICDDIR/radeon_icd.x86.json \
    RADV_DEBUG=nocache,shaders ACO_DEBUG=force-waitcnt,force-waitdeps \
    /usr/bin/vkcube --c 1

lucky, RGP (Radeon GPU Profiler) support vulkan on linux. we can create RGP capture with radv in /tmp.

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touch /tmp/trigger
MESA=$HOME/.local/lib/mesa ICDDIR=$MESA/share/vulkan/icd.d \
    VK_ICD_FILENAMES=$ICDDIR/radeon_icd.x86_64.json:$ICDDIR/radeon_icd.x86.json \
    RADV_THREAD_TRACE_PIPELINE=1 RADV_THREAD_TRACE_TRIGGER=/tmp/trigger \
    /usr/bin/vkcube --c 1

OpenCL command

test OpenCL

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MESA=$HOME/.local/lib/mesa LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$MESA/lib64 clinfo

using rusticl

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MESA=$HOME/.local/lib/mesa LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$MESA/lib64 \
    RUSTICL_ENABLE=radeonsi \
    clinfo

目录

How To Build Mesa for AMD

What

Vendor Drivers

Internal Representation

Repository

Build

Dependencies

configuration and compilation

Usage

OpenGL command

Vulkan command

OpenCL command

Useful links